![]() Examples of exocrine glands include the sebaceous and sweat glands of the skin. The ductless endocrine glands are not to be confused with the body’s exocrine system, whose glands release their secretions through ducts. Endocrine glands and cells are located throughout the body and play an important role in maintaining equilibrium (homeostasis). Moreover, fat (adipose) tissue has long been known to produce hormones, and recent research has revealed that even bone tissue has endocrine functions. The hypothalamus, thymus, heart, kidneys, stomach, small intestine, liver, skin, female ovaries, and male testes are other organs that contain cells with endocrine function. ![]() For example, the pancreas contains cells that function in digestion as well as cells that secrete the endocrine hormones like insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood glucose levels. ![]() ![]() Some of these glands have both endocrine and nonendocrine functions. The endocrine system includes the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands (see Figure 14.2). The surrounding fluid (interstitial fluid) and the blood vessels then transport the hormones throughout the body. The primary function of the endocrine gland is to secrete hormones directly into the surrounding fluid. ![]() The endocrine gland is the major player in this system. The endocrine system consists of cells, tissues, and organs that secrete hormones as a primary or secondary function. Anatomy (Structures) of the Endocrine System ![]()
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